ionophores, calcium chelators, as well as ligands for intracellular and extracellular receptors. "We had found a gene and the GPCR it encoded, ...

Upon receptor activation by its ligand, there is an exchange of GDP for GTP (b). In the active form, the G-alpha-subunit bound to GTP and the beta-gamma complex can signal to downstream effector ...

GPCRs are membrane-bound proteins that have seven membrane-spanning domains connected by intracellular and extracellular domains (Figure 2), and these receptors are targets for a diverse range of ...

The key lies in extracting the relationship between the signals inside the cells (intracellular signals) and those recorded on their surface (extracellular signals). "We discovered that ...

which fight against viruses and intracellular pathogens, or TH2 cells, which fight against extracellular pathogens like ...