Facet hypertrophy is when the joints that help articulate the spinal column—called facet joints—become enlarged, resulting in ...

Posteriorly, the bony arch encircles the spinal canal (Fig 1). It is composed of transverse processes, facet joints, two pedicles, two laminae, and a spinous process. In the lumbar spine ...

Facet joint pain is a common source of chronic low back pain, often resulting from conditions such as osteoarthritis. Managing this type of pain can be challenging, as it requires a comprehensive ...

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is the narrowing of the central canal and, often, the lateral recess due to facet joint hypertrophy, thickening and bulging of the ligamentum flavum, bulging of an ...