There are several types of CD4 T cells that serve different functions. They are commonly divided into conventional T helper (Th) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells. There are three types of T helper ...

To examine how the space environment impacts cellular functions, the team compared the cells' RNA expression patterns -- a measure of gene activity -- to identical "ground control" organoids that ...

Blue light induces oxidative stress, disrupts cell structures, and impairs essential RPE functions, leading to apoptosis and the AMD progression. Further research could also focus on protective ...

This finding highlights how metabolic changes influence T cell identity and open avenues for interventions to sustain immune function. The discovery that different nutrients can change a cell's ...